Professor of neurosurgery at the David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) and professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at UCLA’s Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Itzhak Fried has pioneered methods for studying the cellular basis of human visual perception and memory. For the past fifteen years, he has served as director of epilepsy surgery and co-director of the Seizure Disorder Center at UCLA. He is internationally recognized for his expertise in the management of tumors and vascular malformations associated with seizures. The research program in cognitive neurophysiology he founded uses depth electrodes, which are implanted in the brains of patients for clinical diagnostic purposes, as a means to investigate the behavior of individual neurons. Born and raised in Israel, Dr. Fried was graduated from Tel Aviv University, earned a Ph.D. in cognitive psychology at UCLA in 1981, and received an M.D. from Stanford University School of Medicine in 1985. He completed his neurosurgery residency at Yale University School of Medicine. After serving on the faculty there and as an attending neurosurgeon at Yale-New Haven Hospital, he joined the UCLA faculty in 1992. Dr. Fried was named a full professor in 2003 and, since 2000, has also served on the faculty of the Sackler School of Medicine of Tel Aviv University. He was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science for his contributions to cognitive neurophysiology. A fellow also of the American College of Surgeons, he has been a Merritt-Putnam International Visiting Professor at the Beijing Neurological Institute and lectured extensively in Europe, Israel, India, Japan, Australia, and the United States. Dr. Fried is the author of some one hundred papers published in scientific journals and a dozen chapters in volumes of collected works.