Martin A. Nowak is a professor of biology and mathematics at Harvard University whose research demonstrates the power of mathematics to illuminate diverse aspects of evolutionary biology. He is the founding director of Harvard’s Center for Evolutionary Dynamics. Dr. Nowak has analyzed the consequences of mutation and natural selection in virus infections and cancer progression, pioneered a mathematical approach for the evolution of human language, and invented spatial reciprocity and stochastic game dynamics of finite populations. He is engaged in an ongoing study of the evolution of cooperation and co-directs, with Sarah Coakley, a research program in the Evolution and Theology of Cooperation funded by the John Templeton Foundation. An Austrian by birth, he studied at the University of Vienna where he took first class honors in biochemistry and received his Ph.D. in mathematics in 1989. He went on to Oxford University as an Erwin Schrödinger Scholar and worked there with Lord (Robert McCredie) May with whom he co-authored his first book, Virus Dynamics: Mathematical Principles of Immunology and Virology (2000). As Guy Newton Junior Research Fellow at Wolfson College, Oxford, he held a Royal Society Research Grant. He subsequently was named a Welcome Trust Senior Research Fellow in Biomedical Sciences, the E. P. Abraham Junior Research Fellow at Keble College, Oxford, and then a senior research fellow at Keble. Dr. Nowak became head of Oxford’s Mathematical Biology Group in 1995 and, in 1997, was appointed professor of mathematical biology, a post he held until moving to Princeton a year later to establish the first research program in theoretical biology at the Institute for Advanced Study. He accepted his present position in 2003. A corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Nowak is the recipient of Oxford’s Weldon Memorial Prize, the Albert Wander Prize given by the University of Bern, the Akira Okubo Prize of the International and Japanese Society for Mathematical Biology, the Roger E. Murray Prize awarded by the Institute for Quantitative Research in Finance, the David Starr Jordan Prize given jointly by Stanford, Cornell, and Indiana universities, and the Henry Dale Prize of The Royal Institution. He has delivered numerous named lectures in the United Kingdom, Europe, and the United States and is a former member of the Templeton Foundation Board of Advisors. Dr. Nowak is the author of more than 250 papers published in scientific journals. His latest book, Evolutionary Dynamics, which was published by Harvard University Press last year, provides an overview of the powerful yet simple laws that govern the evolution of living systems and demonstrates how mathematical biology successfully explicates critical real world problems.